What is common to all acids?
To all salts?
(1) All acids produce hydrogen ions, H+, in aqueous solution.
(2) Acids have sour taste.
(3) Acids dissolve in water to form solutions which conduct electricity.
(4) All acids turn damp blue litmus paper red.
(5) Acids react with reactive metals to form hydrogen and a salt.
(6) Acids react with carbonates to form a salt, CO2 and H20.
(7) Acids react with metal oxides and hydroxides to form a salt and H20.
Base:
(1) Base is any metal oxide or hydroxide.
(2) Base contains either oxide ions O2- or hydroxide ions, OH-.
(3) Base reacts with an acid to give a salt and H20.
Note: Bases include Alkalis, which produce OH- when dissolved in water, but not all bases are hydroxides. They can be metal oxides O2- without the H too.
Salts:
(1) All salts are ionic compounds.
(2) A salt contains a positive metal ion and a negative non-metal ion.
(3) Salts are formed when a metallic ion replaces one or more hydrogen ions of an acid.
Bases- they all have the affinity to release hydroxide ions (-OH)
Salts- bonded via ionic bonds
All bases produce OH- ion when they ionize in water.
All salts are the conjugate bases and conjugate acids of these acids and bases, and can be prepared by the nuetralization of an acid and base.
E.g.,:
HCl --> H+ + Cl-
NaOH--> Na+ + OH-
HCl + NaOH --> NaCl + H20
HCl + NaOH -->
All bases are either proton acceptors or electron donors, and have a conjugate acid.
All salts can be formed from the reaction of an acid and a base.
Aluminum Chloride is a salt formed by the reaction of aluminum hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, but aluminum chloride itself is a lewis acid.
Additionally, pyridine is considered a strong base even though it does not dissociate in water; it has an electron pair on the nitrogen in the ring.
All bases donate a hydroxide ion (OH-) to an acid.
All salts are ionic compounds composed of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negative ions).
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